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Posts Tagged ‘Cronbach Educational Psychology’

In teaching and learning process, the central attention comes to the students. Students are the actors of learning. Of course, it is necessary to know what learning is.
There are some definitions of learning. Stated in Oxford Dictionary, “Learning” is progressive forms of the word “learn” which means “to gain knowledge, comprehension, or mastery of through experience or study or fix in the mind or memory”. It also means to acquire experience of ability or skill. Learning is the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge.
According to Cronbach (Educational Psychology, 1962:47), “learning is shown by change in behaviour as a result of experience”. Moreover, Kingsley (The Nature and Condition of Learning, 1970:12) said, “learning is the process by which behaviour (in broader sense) is originated or changed through practice or training”. These two statements are affirmed that learning is related to behaviour.
It is also supported by Spears in Sardiman (1987:26), he said, “learning is to observe, to read, to imitate, to try something themselves, to listen, to follow direction”. It means that learning can happen every time and every where.
As Hornby added that learning is a relatively permanent change behavioral potentiality that occurs as a result of reinforces practice (1987:671). This opinion is supported by Klausmeier, he told that learning may be regarded as a relatively permanent change in knowledge, skills or other behavior that results from practice and is not simply attributable to maturation (1985:28-30).
The opinion above show that learning is an activity, which processes consciously to an individual changing in habit, knowledge, behavior, and skill permanently as a result of interaction with the environment.